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May 18, 2008
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APTA > Industry Information > Transit Statistics > Public Transportation Operating Funding Sources Statistics  

Public Transportation Operating Funding Definitions

Operating Funding Source is a source of funds used to pay for operating expenses.  Under federal regulations, some capital funds may be used to fund a portion of operating expenses, and would therefore be considered operating funds.

Government Funds are funds provided by federal, state, and/or local governments.  For some purposes, also includes directly generated taxes, tolls, fees, and other imposed funding sources.

Federal Funds are financial assistance from the federal government to assist in paying the operating costs of providing transit service.

State Government Funds are financial assistance obtained from a state government(s) to assist with paying the costs of providing transit services.

Local Government Funds are financial assistance from local governments (below the state level) to help cover the operating costs of providing transit service.

Directly Generated Funds are any funds where revenues are generated by or donated directly to the transit agency, including passenger fare revenues, advertising revenues, donations, bond proceeds and taxes imposed by the transit agency.  All the following are types of directly generated funds:

Passenger Fares are revenue earned from carrying passengers in regularly scheduled and paratransit service.  Passenger fares include: the base fare; zone premiums; express service premiums; extra cost transfers; and quantity purchase discounts applicable to the passenger's ride.

Adult Base Cash Fare is the minimum cash fare paid by an adult for one transit ride; excludes transfer charges, zone or distance charges, express service charges, peak period surcharges, and reduced fares.

Passenger Fares Received per Unlinked Passenger Trip is "Passenger Fares" divided by "Unlinked Passenger Trips."
Peak Period Surcharge is an extra fee required during peak periods (rush hours).

Transfer Surcharge is an extra fee charged for a transfer to use when boarding another transit vehicle to continue a trip.

Zone or Distance Surcharge is an extra fee charged for crossing a predetermined boundary.

Other Operating Funds is the sum of freight tariffs, auxiliary transportation revenues, non-transportation revenues, revenue accrued through a purchased transportation agreement, and subsidy from other sectors of operations:

Freight Tariffs are the revenue earned from carrying all types of freight on runs whose primary purpose is passenger operations.

Auxiliary Transportation Revenues are the revenue earned from operations closely associated with transportation operations.  Revenue includes station concessions; vehicle concessions; advertising revenues; ID card fees; fare evasion and park and ride lot fines; automotive vehicle ferriage; and other.

Non-Transportation Revenues are the revenue earned from activities not associated with the provision of transit service.  Non-transportation revenues include investment earnings and other non-transportation sources including revenues earned from sales of maintenance services on property not owned or used by the transit agency; rentals of revenue vehicles to other operators; rentals of transit agency buildings and property to other organizations; parking fees generated from parking lots not normally used as park and ride locations; donations; grants from private foundations; development fees; rental car fees; and other.

Revenue Accrued through a Purchased Transportation Agreement is revenue accrued by a seller of transportation services through purchased transportation agreements, not including passenger fares for purchased transportation services from service provided under the purchased transportation agreement.

Subsidy from Other Sectors of Operations is the funds obtained from other sectors of a transit agency's operations to help cover the cost of providing transit services. Subsidies from other sectors of transit operations include subsidies from utility rates where the transit agency is a utility company; subsidies from bridge and tunnel tolls owned and operated by transit agency; and subsidies from other sources provided the same entity that operates the transit agency.